Ground Loops — Kent English / 2002

Your brand new component is hooked up, fresh from the box, and the fi rst time you power it up is a sonic disaster; it hums, it buzzes and in general sounds absolutely dreadful. Glaring at your equipment or dealer doesn’t help and twisting knobs only makes the noise worse; what now? From years of experience we fi nd that the vast majority of excessive noise in audio electronics can be traced directly to poor grounding techniques. While we recommend balanced interconnects on your audio components whenever possible, it must be understood that balanced interconnects address only the problems of… More...

Phase -Coherent Crossover Networks — Nelson Pass / 1982

The importance of phase response in the audio chain has been brought to greater focus recently by equipment claims of phase coherency, (the output signal has the same phase relationships as the input signal). It is not particularly obvious that two different frequency components of a signal can go into a device at precisely the same time and emerge at different times, but it is extremely common. All audio components distort the phase of the signal to some degree-even air alters the time alignment of a signal, but the biggest offenders are loudspeakers and their crossover networks. Phase shifts in… More...