Zen I/V Converter — Nelson Pass / 2010

Thirteen years ago Pass Labs launched the D1, a dedicated Digital to Analog converter for high end audio. It was based on balanced PCM63 DAC chips with a current source output, which requires a separate current-to-voltage converter (known as an I/V) to turn its output into the voltage to drive other line level audio equipment. We didn't care much for the op-amp based solutions seen in the manufacturer's application notes and decided to approach this part of the circuit much differently. The PCM63, like other current output DACs, favors driving a very low impedance, preferably ground. You can easily create… More...

A75 Part 2 — Norman Thagard & Nelson Pass / 1992

THE STORY BEHIND the A75 power amplifier continues. In Part I, we discussed its origins and direct predecessor, the Pass A40, as well as some general guidelines to follow before initiating such a project. We covered such topics as MOSFETs and differential pairs. In this concluding part, we will analyze the amplifier's component parts in depth, beginning with the source. The Power Supply Figure 11 shows the amplifier's power supply circuitry. AC line power enters through the power cord and passes through fuse F1. To reduce the effects of inrush current, thermistor TH1 is employed. At room temperature, this will… More...